⚠️ Experimental · Educational Use Only · No real product or economic actor is referenced · All data is fictional · Not a regulatory submission
UNTP / Phase-Gate Model · Plastics Value Chain

Material Supply Chain
Documentation for DPPs

Below we illustrate the documentation of a material flow for an IoT beacon with two structurally identical housing shells that differ in material origin (virgin ABS and recycled ABS). The material documentation follows the requirements of the UNTP DPP specification as defined by UNECE (untp.unece.org/docs/specification/DigitalProductPassport/).

A detailed discussion of the case study is provided in: Pellegrini, T., Wurz, R., Mesbahi, Z., Nurgazina, J., Freytag, R., & Burgstaller, C. (2025). DPP4Plastics – A Digital Product Passport for Technical Plastics. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19099565

Standards & Frameworks Referenced
UNTP (UNECE) · EN 15343 · ISO 22095 · CWA 18186 · EN 18065 · REACH / CLP / RoHS / WEEE / WFD Art. 6 · ISO 14067 · GHG Protocol
↑ Upstream
🧪
Virgin Material
⚙️
Component Mfg
📦
End Product
↓ Downstream / End-of-Life
🗑️
Collection
🔧
Pre-processing
🔀
Sorting
⚗️
Compounding
♻️
Recycled Material
🧪
Gate: Material Supply
DPP at Material Level — Virgin ABS
Polymer manufacturer → Component processor. Documents material identity, regulatory status, and key properties for downstream use.
Upstream · Material Batch
Identification
Sustainability
Traceability
Conformity
Product Class — Material Identity
Trade Name
PolyFlex® ABS GP-35 [fictional]
Polymer Class
ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene)
CAS Number
9003-56-9
Standard Designation
ISO 2580-1 / ISO 19069
Batch / Lot Number
ABS-VG-2024-0471-B
Production Date
2024-03-12
Manufacturer
Fictive Polymers AG [fictional]
Production Facility
Industrial Zone A, Country X [fictional]
Material Properties (Technical Data Sheet)
Melt Flow Rate (MFR)
11 g/10 min (220 °C / 10 kg)
Tensile Strength
45 MPa (ISO 527)
Impact Strength (Charpy)
18 kJ/m² (ISO 179/1eA)
Heat Deflection Temp.
87 °C (ISO 75-2/Af)
Density
1.04 g/cm³ (ISO 1183)
Water Absorption
0.3 % (ISO 62)
Inj. Moulding Temp.
220–260 °C
Drying Conditions
80 °C / 3–4 h
Markings & Packaging Linkage
Packaging Unit
25 kg bags, pallet ID PAL-2024-047
Label Reference
Batch ID + Material ID on bag label
DPP Link Method
Batch/delivery ID (logical linkage)
Optional Tracer
Not applied (optional)
Emissions Scorecard

Carbon Footprint

GWP (cradle-to-gate)
3.8 kg CO₂e / kg
System Boundary
Cradle-to-gate
Reporting Standard
ISO 14067 / GHG Protocol
Verification Status
Third-party verified [fictional]

Circularity Scorecard

Recyclability Class
Technically recyclable (ABS)
Sorting Pathway
NIR-sortable (WEEE stream)
Recycled Content
0% (virgin material)
End-of-Life Pathway
Mechanical recycling
Traceability Events
TransformationEvent
Production of virgin ABS polymer from monomer inputs at fictional facility. Batch ABS-VG-2024-0471-B produced 2024-03-12, yield 98.2%, process parameters recorded in CoA.
ObjectEvent
Material testing and laboratory analysis: MFR, tensile strength, impact strength, HDT. Test report TR-2024-0471 issued 2024-03-14.
ObjectEvent
SVHC screening performed against REACH Candidate List (reference date 2024-01-15). No SVHCs ≥ 0.1% (w/w) detected. SVHC-ND-2024-047 issued.
TransactionEvent
Transfer of batch ABS-VG-2024-0471-B from fictional polymer supplier to fictional OEM processor. Delivery date 2024-03-20, 500 kg, 20 bags, pallet PAL-2024-047.
Downstream Linkage
Conformity Claims → UNTP Classes
ConformityClaimConformityInformation (Basis/Scope)ConformityCredentials (Evidence)
REACH Compliant
Polymer exempt from REACH registration; monomers/precursors registered; compliance with Annex XVII
Polymer exempt from registration; monomers/precursors registered; REACH Annex XVII restrictions respected REACH DoCRIS
SVHC Status: None >0.1% Status per REACH Candidate List, reference date 2024-01-15 SVHC Neg. DeclarationRIS
RoHS Support Material-level evidence supporting downstream article RoHS compliance; no exceedance of RoHS limits in compound TDS referenceSupplier statement
CLP Classification Classification, labeling, handling and safety requirements under CLP Regulation SDS (v4.2, 2024-01)
Technical Suitability Material properties and processability as basis for component assessment TDSCoA TR-2024-0471
⚙️
Gate: Component Manufacturing
DPP at Component Level — Plastic Housing
Links material DPPs (virgin ABS + ABS regranulate) with manufacturing data and quality inspection results for the IoT beacon housing shells.
Upstream · Component Lot
Identification
Sustainability
Traceability
Conformity
Component Identity
Component Name
IoT Beacon Housing Shell (Upper + Lower)
Function
Enclosure of electronics, IP-rated protection
Lot Number
HS-2024-0512-LOT
Production Date
2024-04-05
Quantity
2 000 sets
Manufacturer / OEM
Fictional Precision Plastics Ltd [fictional]
Tool / Cavity Code
T-042 / C1–C4
ISO Marking
>ABS< (ISO 11469) + date code
Manufacturing & Quality Data
Process
Injection moulding
Melt Temp.
235 °C
Cycle Time
28 s
Colour
Dark grey (similar to RAL 7021)
Colour Measurement
ΔE < 1.0 (CIE 2000), pass
Dimensional Check
Within ±0.1 mm tolerance, pass
Clip / Snap-fit Test
500 cycles, no failure — pass
Weight per Set
38.4 g
Linked Material DPPs
Scorecards

Circularity Scorecard

Recycled Content
30% (PCR — ABS regranulate)
Scrap Rate (mfg)
1.8% (recovered & reground)
Recyclability (theor.)
High — ABS mono-material
Recyclability (practical)
Medium — incl. colorant/additive risk
Snap-fit Disassembly
Tool-free, <30 s

Emissions Scorecard

Energy (injection moulding)
0.82 kWh / kg
Scrap-related emissions
Minimised (loop recovery)
Comparison vs. virgin-only
–12% CO₂e (blended batch)
Traceability Events
TransformationEvent
Conversion of granulate blend (ABS-VG-2024-0471-B 70% + RG-2024-0188 30%) into housing shells Lot HS-2024-0512. Tool T-042, melt temp 235 °C, cycle 28 s, 2 000 sets produced.
ObjectEvent
Dimensional inspection: ±0.1 mm tolerance check on 50 samples. Result: PASS. Report QA-HS-0512-DIM.
ObjectEvent
Colour measurement (ΔE CIE2000 <1.0): PASS. Clip/snap-fit functional test (500 cycles): PASS. Report QA-HS-0512-FUNC.
TransactionEvent
Shipment of housing shells Lot HS-2024-0512 to fictional OEM assembly facility (2 000 sets, 76.8 kg). Handover date 2024-04-08, custody transferred.
Conformity Claims → UNTP Classes
ConformityClaimConformityInformationConformityCredentials
RoHS Compliant (component) Assessment at homogeneous material level (ABS + colorants/masterbatch); compliance with RoHS limit values Mfr RoHS StatementXRF ScreeningLab Report
REACH Annex XVII No prohibited or restricted substances exceeding limits present in the article Mfr DeclarationRISTest reports (risk-based)
POPs Compliant Compliance with POP Regulation (EU) 2019/1021 — PBDE below threshold values POP ScreeningSupplier Declaration
REACH Art. 33 / SCIP: Not Required No SVHC >0.1% (w/w) in article → no Art. 33 communication, no SCIP notification required SVHC Neg. Declaration (article)RIS
UL 94 V-0 (if required) Flame retardancy test, thickness- and colour-dependent, for specific component configuration Test Report (fictional)Classification Reference
📦
Gate: End Product Assembly
DPP at End-Product Level — IoT Beacon
CE-marked EEE placed on market. Consolidates upstream material and component DPPs with product conformity, traceability, and sustainability scorecards.
Upstream · Individual Product (Serial)
Identification
Sustainability
Traceability
Conformity
Product Identity
Product Name
Generic IoT Beacon v2.1 [fictional]
Serial Number
SN-IOT-2024-88741
WEEE Category
Cat. 3 — IT & Telecomm. Equipment
Manufacturer / OEM
Fictional Systems GmbH [fictional]
Production Date
2024-04-20
Place of Production
City A, Country X [fictional]
IP Rating
IP54 (IEC 60529)
Battery
LiPo 3.7 V / 600 mAh (removable)
Dimensions (L×W×H)
82 × 52 × 18 mm
Total Weight
74 g
Markings & Data Carriers
DPP Access
QR Code on nameplate → DPP URL
Legal Markings
CE Mark, WEEE (crossed bin symbol)
RFID / NFC
NFC tag UID linked to serial number
Repair Info
QR → disassembly guide online
Linked Component DPPs
Scorecards

Circularity Scorecard

Recycled Content (device)
~15% (housing contribution)
Recyclability (housing)
High — mono-material ABS
Battery Removability
Tool-free, <60 s
Housing Separability
Snap-fit, tool-free <30 s
Spare Parts Available
7 years (EN 45554)
Repairability Index
B (EN 4555x)

Emissions Scorecard

Product Carbon Footprint
0.62 kg CO₂e / unit
System Boundary
Cradle-to-gate
Reporting Standard
ISO 14067
Take-back Scheme
WEEE Collective System (fictional)
Traceability Events
AssociationEvent
Assembly of housing shells (HS-2024-0512) with electronics kit (PCB-2024-0312, battery BAT-2024-0099) into complete IoT Beacon SN-IOT-2024-88741. Assembly date 2024-04-20.
ObjectEvent
Final functional test: wireless connectivity, sensor self-test, IP54 ingress protection test (IEC 60529). Result: PASS. Test report FT-2024-88741.
ObjectEvent
CE marking applied (serial label + nameplate), WEEE symbol applied, QR/NFC codes linked to DPP URL. Date 2024-04-21.
TransactionEvent
Handover of finished product batch to logistics partner / market. Invoice INV-2024-0421, delivery 2024-04-25. Custody transferred to fictional distributor.
Conformity Claims → UNTP Classes
ConformityClaimConformityInformationConformityCredentials
CE Conformity (end product) Compliance with applicable EU directives for EEE (EMC 2014/30/EU, RED 2014/53/EU, LVD 2014/35/EU where applicable) EU DoC (fictional)Technical DocumentationTest Reports
RoHS Requirements Met Compliance with RoHS limit values in all homogeneous materials; assessed per EN IEC 63000 RoHS Technical Documentation (EN IEC 63000)Material & Component RoHS Evidence
WEEE Obligations Fulfilled Registration, labeling (crossed-out bin), and information flows per WEEE Directive 2012/19/EU WEEE Registration (fictional)Label Documentation
REACH Art. 33 / SCIP: Not Required No SVHC >0.1% (w/w) present in any article of the device Article-level SVHC AssessmentMaterial/Component SVHC Declarations
Fire Classification Provided (opt.) Flame retardancy classification for housing, thickness- and configuration-specific Test Report (fictional)Classification Reference
🗑️
Gate: Collection — End-of-Life Entry
PRBL Initiated — Collection Batch
IoT beacons enter EoL via municipal or retail take-back. End-product DPP acts as information source. Product Recycled Batch Log (PRBL) is created here.
Downstream · Collection Batch
Batch Record
PRBL Status
Traceability
Collection Batch Parameters
Batch ID
CB-EOL-2025-0174
Origin / Source
Fictional WEEE collection point, City A
Collection System
Fictional WEEE Collective System (Cat. 3)
Collection Date
2025-01-15
Container ID
CTN-CA-0174-A
Total Weight
840 kg
WEEE Category
Cat. 3 — IT & Telecomm. Equipment
Item Count (est.)
~11 300 devices (74 g avg.)
DPP as Information Source
Product Recycled Batch Log (PRBL) — Created
Batch Received ✓
Batch Identifiers Assigned ✓
Product Category Set ✓
Recycling Process Category: Collection
PRBL ID
PRBL-2025-0174
Status
CREATED
Initiated By
Fictional WEEE Logistics Ltd
CWA 18186 Ref.
Minimum content recorded (§4.2)
EN 15343 Ref.
Traceability chain initiated
ISO 22095 Ref.
CoC path started — segregated
Traceability Events
AggregationEvent
Individual IoT Beacon units aggregated into Collection Batch CB-EOL-2025-0174. ~11 300 devices, 840 kg total. QR/serial scan attempted for DPP linkage where available.
TransactionEvent
Handover of Collection Batch CB-EOL-2025-0174 from fictional collection point to pre-treatment facility (Fictional Recycler GmbH). Date 2025-01-18, transport document TRN-0174.
🔧
Gate: Pre-Processing — Dismantling & Depollution
PRBL Updated — Sub-batches Created
Devices are opened, batteries/PCBs/hazardous parts removed. Collection batch split into sub-fractions. DPP provides dismantling guidance; actual values are fed back.
Downstream · Sub-batches / Process Outputs
Process Data
PRBL Status
Traceability
Design Feedback
Process Parameters & Sub-fractions
Input Batch
CB-EOL-2025-0174 (840 kg)
Dismantling Time (avg.)
42 s / device (manual line)
Battery Separation Rate
99.2% — target: 100%
PCB Separation Rate
97.8%
Hazardous Parts Fraction
148 kg (batteries + PCBs)
Plastic Sub-batch ID
SB-PLAST-2025-0174-P
Plastic Sub-batch Weight
432 kg
Residual Stream
260 kg (metals, mixed)
SVHC Initial Screening
XRF screening: no alerts
PRBL — Updated
Treatment Information Added ✓
Process Category: Depollution / Dismantling
Sub-batch IDs Assigned ✓
Mass Balance Recorded ✓
PRBL ID
PRBL-2025-0174
Status
UPDATED
Mass In / Mass Out
840 kg → 432 + 148 + 260 kg
CoC Model
Segregated (ISO 22095)
Traceability Events
TransformationEvent
Collection batch CB-EOL-2025-0174 split into: plastic sub-batch SB-PLAST-2025-0174-P (432 kg), hazardous fraction SB-HAZ-0174-H (148 kg), residual metal SB-MET-0174-M (260 kg).
ObjectEvent
Manual dismantling: avg. 42 s/device. Battery separation 99.2%, PCB separation 97.8%. XRF screening on representative sample: no flame retardant alerts. Report PP-0174-SCR.
Design Feedback Loop — Actual vs. Designed

DPP Target (Design Assumptions)

Battery removal (tool-free)
<60 s ✓
Housing separation
<30 s ✓
Battery separation rate
Target: 100%

Actual EoL Values (This Gate)

Avg dismantling time
42 s (+40% vs. design)
Housing separation
28 s ✓
Battery separation rate
99.2% (gap: 0.8%)
Feedback Note: Dismantling time exceeds design assumption by ~40%. Root cause: adhesive residue on PCB connector. Flag to OEM design team for next revision. Battery gap (0.8%) documented for EPR reporting.
🔀
Gate: Sorting — Physical Identity Lost
PRBL Running — Fraction Records Created
Shredding and NIR/density sorting convert the plastic sub-batch into defined fraction IDs. Product-level DPP identity is physically lost at this gate.
Downstream · Fractions (ABS Fraction Batch)
Fraction Records
PRBL Status
Traceability
Plastic Fraction — ABS
Fraction ID
FR-ABS-2025-0174-01
Polymer Class
ABS
Fraction Weight
318 kg
Colour Profile
Dark grey / black, mixed
Separation Method
NIR + density separation
Purity Level
94.2% (ABS flake)
Misclassification Rate
5.8% (incl. ABS/PC blend traces)
BFR Screening (XRF)
No POP/BFR alerts detected
Other Fractions
Mixed plastics: 60 kg · Metal: 54 kg
⚠ Physical Identity Note
At this gate the product is shredded and irreversibly loses its individual identity. Traceability shifts entirely to batch and fraction identifiers. The DPP at end-product level is no longer the operational carrier. Continuity is maintained through the PRBL and fraction records referencing upstream CoC documentation.
PRBL — Running
Fraction IDs Created ✓
Purity / Contamination Tests Added ✓
Segregated Proof Recorded ✓
Inventory Trail Updated ✓
PRBL ID
PRBL-2025-0174
Status
RUNNING (Sorting)
Mass In / Mass Out
432 kg → 318 + 60 + 54 kg
End-of-Waste Logic
WFD Art. 6 assessment pending
Segregation Model
Segregated (ISO 22095)
EN 15343 Ref.
Process & quality records logged
Traceability Events
TransformationEvent
Shredding + NIR/density sorting of SB-PLAST-2025-0174-P (432 kg) into: ABS fraction FR-ABS-2025-0174-01 (318 kg), mixed plastics FR-MIX-0174-02 (60 kg), metal residual FR-MET-0174-03 (54 kg).
ObjectEvent
Fraction purity measurement: ABS FR-01 = 94.2%. XRF screening for POP/BFR: no alerts. Contamination test report SRT-0174-QA. Separation logs and inventory trail archived.
⚗️
Gate: Compounding — Recyclate Production
PRBL Finalized — New DPP at Material Level Begins
Sorted fractions are extruded into regranulate (primary compound) and optionally qualified into application-specific compound (secondary compound). PRBL is completed and handed over.
Downstream · Output Batch (Regranulate / Compound)
Compounding Data
PRBL Finalized
Traceability
Output Batch
Primary Compounding — Process Data
Input Fraction
FR-ABS-2025-0174-01 (318 kg)
Process Steps
Washing → drying → filtration → degassing → extrusion → pelletising
Temperature Range
220–245 °C
Throughput
120 kg/h
Filtration (melt)
80 µm screen
Output Batch ID
RG-2025-0174-01
Output Weight
289 kg (yield 90.9%)
Material Test Results (Output Batch)
MFR (220 °C / 10 kg)
9.8 g/10 min
Density
1.04 g/cm³
Ash Content
1.2%
Moisture
0.12%
Odour (1–5 scale)
2 (acceptable)
POP/BFR Screening
Below regulatory thresholds
DQL (EN 18065)
DQL 2
CoA Reference
CoA-RG-2025-0174-01
PRBL — Finalized
Output Batch ID Assigned ✓
Yield / Conversion Recorded ✓
Final Specification + CoA Linked ✓
Custody Transfer Docs ✓
Inventory Reconciliation ✓
PRBL ID
PRBL-2025-0174
Status
FINALIZED
Handover Target
PRO (Producer Responsibility Org.)
CWA 18186 Compliance
All minimum content fulfilled ✓
EN 15343 Cert.
Certification pending (fictional audit)
Traceability Scheme
Audit scheduled (fictional scheme)
Overlap: PRBL → New Material DPP
At this gate the finalized PRBL overlaps with the new DPP at material level for the recycled output batch. The recycled compound RG-2025-0174-01 is now a product and can re-enter the supply chain at the Material or Component Gate, closing the circular loop.
Traceability Events
TransformationEvent
Processing of ABS fraction FR-ABS-2025-0174-01 (318 kg) into regranulate batch RG-2025-0174-01 (289 kg). Extrusion line EXT-07, temp 220–245 °C, throughput 120 kg/h. Yield 90.9%.
ObjectEvent
Final QC: MFR 9.8 g/10 min, density 1.04, ash 1.2%, POP/BFR screening: all below thresholds. DQL assessed per EN 18065: DQL 2. CoA-RG-2025-0174-01 issued.
TransactionEvent
Shipment of regranulate batch RG-2025-0174-01 (289 kg) to fictional compounder / OEM processor. Transport document SHP-2025-0174, custody transferred 2025-02-12.
→ New DPP at Material Level begins here
♻️
Gate: Recycled Material — Loop Closed
DPP at Material Level — ABS Regranulate
The recycled ABS compound re-enters the supply chain analogously to virgin material. Structured like a virgin material DPP but with a strong focus on origin, recycled content, and DQL per EN 18065.
Recycled Material Batch · Loop Closed ♻
Identification
Sustainability
Traceability
Conformity
Material Identity
Polymer Class
ABS (Post-Consumer Recyclate)
Internal Designation
rABS-WEEE-DQL2-BK
Batch Number
RG-2025-0174-01
Form
Regranulate / pellets
Colour
Dark grey / black (mixed)
Origin
PCR — WEEE small appliances (Cat. 3)
Production Date
2025-02-10
Recycling Company
Fictional Recycler GmbH [fictional]
Provenance — Linked PRBL & Fractions
Material Properties
MFR (220 °C / 10 kg)
9.8 g/10 min
Density
1.04 g/cm³
Ash Content
1.2% (higher than virgin)
Tensile Strength
40 MPa (–11% vs. virgin)
DQL (EN 18065)
DQL 2
Moisture
0.12%
Re-entry to Supply Chain
Scorecards

Circularity Scorecard

Recycled Content
100% post-consumer (WEEE)
CoC Model
Segregated (physical)
DQL (EN 18065)
DQL 2
Origin Fraction
WEEE Cat. 3 (small appliances)
Application Limitations
Not food-contact, not toy-contact

Emissions Scorecard

CO₂e (recycling process)
0.9 kg CO₂e / kg rABS
vs. Virgin ABS
–76% (3.8 kg CO₂e / kg)
Energy (compounding)
1.1 kWh / kg
Accounting Standard
ISO 14067 / GHG Protocol
Traceability Events
TransformationEvent
Waste-to-product transformation: ABS fraction FR-ABS-2025-0174-01 (WEEE stream) → regranulate batch RG-2025-0174-01. End-of-Waste status achieved (WFD Art. 6, assessed 2025-02-10).
ObjectEvent
Material tests: MFR, density, tensile strength, ash content, odour. POP/BFR screening: below thresholds. DQL assessment per EN 18065: DQL 2. Lab report LAB-RG-2025-0174.
TransactionEvent
Sale/handover of RG-2025-0174-01 to fictional OEM or compounder for next production cycle. CoA, PDS (EN 18065), SDS, REACH/RoHS/POP declarations attached. Delivery 2025-02-15.
Conformity Claims → UNTP Classes
ConformityClaimConformityInformationConformityCredentials
REACH Annex XVII Complied Substance restrictions fulfilled for the material in accordance with REACH Annex XVII REACH DoCRIS
No SVHC >0.1% (w/w) SVHC assessment per ECHA Candidate List; focus on legacy substances relevant for recyclates SVHC Neg. DeclarationAnalytical Test Report
POP Regulation Complied PBDEs and other POP substances below regulatory thresholds; enhanced scrutiny due to WEEE origin POP Screening Lab ReportSupplier Declaration
RoHS Support (material level) Material-level evidence supporting article RoHS compliance for homogeneous materials RoHS Supplier StatementIncoming & Release Inspection Records
Recycled Content Declared — DQL 2 100% PCR, WEEE Cat. 3 origin, segregated CoC, DQL 2 per EN 18065; mass-balance not applied DQL EvidenceCoAPRBL-2025-0174
CLP Classification Classification, labeling, and safe handling defined per CLP Regulation SDS (current version)
MATERIAL SUPPLY CHAIN DOCUMENTATION FOR DPPs · UNTP / PHASE-GATE MODEL · PLASTICS SUPPLY CHAIN
EN 15343 / ISO 22095 / CWA 18186 / EN 18065 · ALL DATA FICTIONAL · EDUCATIONAL USE ONLY
Based on: Pellegrini et al. (2025). DPP4Plastics. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19099565